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美国移民新纪元,5件要知道的事情
浏览次数:3962    添加时间:2017/11/13    来源:移投路

美国移民法的改变一般被认为是在国会层面,在公众讨论移民在本国和经济中的作用之后。然而,美国国土安全部("国土安全部")和美国国务院("联邦")等政府机构,如美国公民身份和移民服务("移民局"),有权在没有任何立法行动的情况下改变政策。这项权利由国会提供授权。
 
总统特朗普已指示USCIS和DOS使用这一权力,以改变他们如何裁决美国人的移民福利。美国司法部长甚至攻击移民律师是"dirty immigration lawyers",谴责其帮助寻求庇护者在复杂的移民系统中前行。
 
此外,特朗普总统任命了以前曾为美国移民改革联合会(“FAIR”,一个非营利组织, 被视为限制性的倡导团体)工作的人士,为移民局的高级官员。
 
以下五件事,了解这个新时代的美国移民态势:
 
1、No Deference to Prior Immigration Approvals. USCIS announced on October 23, 2017 that it would no longer defer to prior determinations of eligibility when adjudicating petition extensions involving the same parties and underlying facts as the initial petition. Employers should be ready to provide the same level of documentation for an amendment or extension as they did for an initial application.
 
参考译文:1、不遵从以前的移民批准。移民局在2017年10月23日宣布,对涉及同一当事方和基本事实的请愿延期进行裁决时,它将不再依据最初请愿书的事先裁定。雇主应准备为修改或延期提供与最初申请相同的文件。
 
2、In-Person Interviews for Employment-Based Adjustment of Status Applicants. USCIS announced that it would expand in-person interviews for adjustment of status applications based on employment starting October 1, 2017. Previously, applicants did not require an in-person interview with USCIS officers in order for their application for permanent residency to be adjudicated. Adjustment of status applicants should be prepared for longer processing times.
 
参考译文:2、职业移民增加面试环节。移民局宣布,将从2017年10月1日开始扩大职业移民身份调整申请要求面签的范围。以前,申请者申请永久居留时,不需要与移民局官员面谈。
 
3、Wholesale Use of Requests for Evidence (RFEs). USCIS is now issuing lengthy detailed requests for evidence contesting every issue and requiring unreasonable quantities of proof in regard to any application for an immigrant or non-immigrant visa or adjustment of status. Notably, USCIS has been issuing massive amounts of RFEs for H-1B applications as Congress has stalled reforms to the project, causing a tremendous headache for U.S. companies relying on foreign workers with specialized knowledge.
 
参考译文:3、大量的RFE(补件通知)发出。移民局现在正在发出冗长的详细的请求,要求对每一个问题提出异议,并要求对移民或非移民签证的申请或地位的调整提出大量的证据提供。值得注意的是,截至目前,美国移民局已经对H-1B申请发出了大量的补件通知,因为国会已经停止了对该项目的改革,而这给依赖于特殊领域的外国员工的公司造成了很多麻烦。
 
4、Buy American, Hire American. USCIS has been working on a combination of rulemaking, policy memoranda, and operational changes to implement the Buy American and Hire American Executive Order by President Trump. DOS is adjudicating nonimmigrant visa applications with the goal to “create higher wages and employment rates for workers in the United States, and to protect their economic interests.” Immigration petitions should include an argument on how the issuance of a visa or other immigration benefit promotes these policy goals.
 
参考译文:4、购买美国,雇用美国。美国移民局一直在制定规则、政策备忘录和实行改革的结合,以实现总统特朗普的购买美国人和雇佣美国行政命令。DOS正在审理非移民签证申请,目的是"为美国工人创造更高的工资和就业率,并保护他们的经济利益。移民请愿书应考虑,签证或其他移民福利的发放如何促进“雇佣美国人、买美国货”这项政策目标的达成。
 
5、A Culture of “No” to a Culture of “Gotcha”. Obtaining U.S. immigration benefits has never been simple, but USCIS and DOS have moved away from merely denying applications to trying to catch applicants for misrepresentations and fraud. DOS now closely reviews prior visa applications (DS-160s) to check for consistency with current applications (for example, prior employment). USCIS is checking prior Form I-9s completed by foreign nationals decades ago to see if any false claims to U.S. citizenship exist. This is also a troublesome area for U.S. companies that use foreign workers; for example, the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”) announced in September 2017 that a U.S. company would pay $95 million to settle both criminal and civil immigration charges stemming from the company’s hiring and rehiring of undocumented workers over a six-year period.
 
参考译文:5、(...)获得美国移民福利从来都不是简单的,但移民局和DOS已经不再仅仅是拒绝申请,而是试图找出申请人的虚假陈述和欺诈。DOS现在密切审查以前的签证申请(DS-160s),以检查与当前申请的一致性。美国移民局正在核对数十年前外国侨民完成的I-9s,看看是否有任何虚假存在。对于使用外国工人的美国公司来说,这是相当麻烦的。例如,美国司法部("司法部")和美国移民和海关执法("ICE")宣布,美国公司若在过去六年间雇用无证工人,将支付9500万美元,以解决刑事和民事移民的指控。
 
当然,自从特朗普总统任期开始以来,还有许多其他移民政策发生了变化,包括但不限于"旅行禁令"、边界隔离墙、取消对儿童抵达的推迟行动(“DACA"令)、限制寻求庇护者的过程,并限制非法来美国的举目无亲的未成年人的保护。在新的移民环境下,外国国民和寻求合格的外国劳工的美国公司都应该寻求最好的律师的指导来避免麻烦。
 
原文出处:
https://wolfsdorf.com/blog/new-era-u-s-immigration-5-things-know/
 
 
文章来源:移投路
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